{"id":15885,"date":"2025-10-27T14:34:04","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T06:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/?page_id=15885"},"modified":"2025-11-06T08:47:41","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T00:47:41","slug":"6-3-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-3-1\/","title":{"rendered":"SDG 6 &#8211; 6.3.1"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:50px;padding-right:75px;padding-bottom:50px;padding-left:75px;min-height:150px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5{background-color:#26bde2;}.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.15;background-image:url('http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/Logo-THE-WHI.png');background-size:auto 150%;background-position:100% 0%;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:no-repeat;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:20px;padding-left:20px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15513_5669be-e5 alignnone kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-row kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15513_0b15e5-31\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15513_132d36-74 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15513_2272bf-25 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15513_2272bf-25\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:225px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9{max-width:225px;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9{-webkit-flex:0 1 100%;flex:0 1 100%;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 img{width:100%;}.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15513_ce468b-a9 size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"317\" height=\"94\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-15478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings.png 317w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings-300x89.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15513_b8fd34-83 kb-section-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(15% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(85% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15513_4dfad6-34 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15513_ffd08e-a5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:125px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c{max-width:125px;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c{-webkit-flex:0 1 100%;flex:0 1 100%;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c img{width:100%;}.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);object-position:50% 50%;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c img.kb-img, .kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15513_cc50d9-7c size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-8878\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-06.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15513_d89b33-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15513_d89b33-73\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33\"]{display:block;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-lg, 2rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<span class=\"kt-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_c9dde6-33\">SDG 6 &#8211; CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION<\/span>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01\"]{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-weight:300;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15513_13bff7-01\">Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15700_7a677a-5a alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15700_a9e752-29 kb-section-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18\"]{padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);text-align:center;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15700_c603ac-18\">SDG 6 Indicator<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns15700_1610f0-50{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15700_1610f0-50 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns15700_1610f0-50\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_dc51cd-5d kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-2-1\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.2.1<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_1cf6f2-96 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-3-1\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.3.1<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_73a37e-7d kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-3-2\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.3.2<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_d3d653-d4 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-3-3\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.3.3<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_463d0b-f4 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-3-5\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.3.5<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_809111-e3.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_809111-e3 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-4-2\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.4.2<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_358470-06.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_358470-06 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-1\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.1<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_6b757d-f6 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-3\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.3<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_c6467c-a1 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-4\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.4<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_6549d5-8e kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-5\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.5<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_baaa9c-b2 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-6\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.6<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15700_e34e59-f8 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg6\/6-5-7\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">6.5.7<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:50px;padding-right:75px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:75px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15885_70342f-a9 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15885_49a520-76{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15885_49a520-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15885_49a520-76\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\"]{padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);font-weight:500;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;border-left:5px solid #26bde2;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\"]{border-left:5px solid #26bde2;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\"]{border-left:5px solid #26bde2;}}<\/style>\n<h1 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_7474a0-6f\">6.3 &#8211; Water usage and care<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-lg, 3rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15885_6d25f3-97 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15885_b5094b-0c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\"]{padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;border-left:3px solid #26bde2;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\"]{border-left:3px solid #26bde2;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\"]{border-left:3px solid #26bde2;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_46f658-5e\">6.3.1 &#8211; Wastewater Treatment A Process in Place to Treat Wastewate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">集美麻豆 adopts a <strong>comprehensive tertiary sewage treatment <\/strong>system across 27 Sewage Treatment Plants (SWTP), employing extended aeration and oxidation reservoir methods that integrate physical, biological and chemical processes. This ensures that<strong> all effluent complies with Department of Environment (DOE) standards before discharge, safeguarding nearby rivers and ecosystems<\/strong>. Importantly, the treated effluent is <strong>reused sustainably for landscape irrigation and road cleaning<\/strong> within the campus, reducing freshwater consumption and supporting environmental conservation. Continuous monitoring, laboratory testing, and preventive maintenance highlight 集美麻豆\u2019s commitment to sustainable wastewater management in alignment with national regulations and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation).<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08\"]{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_a32f58-08\"><strong>Summary of the Wastewater Treatment Processes at 集美麻豆<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>No<\/strong><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Wastewater Treatment Processes at 集美麻豆<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Background of wastewater treatment at 集美麻豆<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Effluence Water Quality Sampling<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">The Sewerage Treatment Plant: Extended Aeration Class License<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Detail On The Treatment Process Of The Sewerage Treatment Plant:&nbsp; Extended Aeration (EA) System at 集美麻豆<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">集美麻豆 Integrated Water Control Management &amp; Monitoring System (PUMA-UKM)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Pump Station Monitoring Application (PUMA-UKM) Dashboard<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">7<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Maintenance Program For Sewage Treatment Plant at 集美麻豆<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Detail of the wastewater treatment can be found below:<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26310e-5b\">1. Background of wastewater treatment at 集美麻豆<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">Sewage disposal at 集美麻豆 is managed by the Mechanical Unit within the Infrastructure Development Department (JPP), staffed by a team of three mechanical engineers and ten skilled personnel (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jpp\/staff-department\/mekanikal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.ukm.my\/jpp\/staff-department\/mekanikal<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">集美麻豆 operates 27 Sewage Treatment Plant (SWTP) stations, all equipped with mechanical pump systems and maintained rigorously under JPP\u2019s oversight. These SWTP stations are essential for effective campus-wide waste management, and their maintenance is entrusted to contractors certified in Three-Phase Electrical Wiring (PW3), ensuring high standards of operational reliability and safety. This structured management aligns with 集美麻豆\u2019s commitment to sustainable and efficient waste treatment practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"515\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51-1024x515.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16727\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51-1024x515.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51-300x151.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51-768x386.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51-1536x772.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-51.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Map of sewage treatment plant in 集美麻豆 Bangi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"256\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-52.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16728\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-52.png 882w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-52-300x87.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-52-768x223.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">集美麻豆 Central SWTP Station (Oxidation Reservoir System type) which carries out the treatment process of sewage wastewater accumulated naturally through the construction of 2 catchment ponds.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">集美麻豆 Central Sewage Wastewater Treatment Plant (SWTP), an oxidation reservoir system responsible for treating sewage wastewater. The facility operates through a natural treatment process facilitated by two constructed catchment ponds, which collect and manage sewage water efficiently. This setup promotes eco-friendly waste treatment by allowing natural oxidation and sedimentation, ensuring environmentally responsible wastewater processing on campus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">Most of the SWTP stations within the 集美麻豆 were built under the original Act and Law which aims to control and prevent the pollution of rivers and any waters in Malaysia. The following are the Acts and Laws that serve as guidelines for the construction of LRK in 集美麻豆:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>AKTA KUALITI ALAM SEKELILING 1974 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kasa.gov.my\/resources\/alamsekitar\/akta\/Akta_Kualiti_Alam_Sekeliling_1974_ACT_127.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.kasa.gov.my\/resources\/alamsekitar\/akta\/Akta_Kualiti_Alam_Sekeliling_1974_ACT_127.pdf<\/a> )<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PERATURAN-PERATURAN KUALITI ALAM SEKELILING (KUMBAHAN) 2009 <br>(<a href=\"https:\/\/environment.com.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sewage.pdf\">www.environment.com.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sewage.pdf<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">These treatment processes involve physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods to separate the waste materials from the sewage solid waste and then produce wastewater that is free from pollution and does not pose a threat to Malaysian waters and the life around it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The SWTP stations operated by a mechanical pump system within 集美麻豆. All these SWTP stations are regulated for maintenance and development by 集美麻豆&#8217;s Infrastructure Development Department (JPP). Regular maintenance with a frequency of once a month by a panel company appointed by 集美麻豆 through an open tender method.&nbsp; Among the scope of maintenance work involved are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cleaning the entire LRK Station area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Control panel inspection and testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and testing of the complete pump system and accessories (&#8216;submersible&#8217;\/&#8217;aerator&#8217;\/&#8217;air blower&#8217;\/&#8217;scum skimmer&#8217;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Filter inspection and cleaning (&#8216;strainer&#8217;\/&#8217;bar filter&#8217;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection of the entire pipeline of the LRK station.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and cleaning of chambers (input\/transit) or tanks (&#8216;aeration\/&#8217;clarifier&#8217;\/&#8217;load chamber&#8217;), &#8216;pump sump&#8217; and &#8216;Filter Dryer Bed&#8217;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">Regular maintenance with a frequency of once a month involves works such as &#8216;housekeeping&#8217; of the SWTP station, inspections of the control panel, inspections of the pump system complete with accessories (&#8216;submersible&#8217;\/ &#8216;aerator&#8217;\/ &#8216;air blower&#8217;\/ &#8216;scum skimmer&#8217; ), inspection-cleaning of filters (&#8216;strainer&#8217;\/&#8217;bar filter&#8217;\/ gravel\/ river stone), inspection of SWTP station pipelines and inspection-cleaning of chambers or tanks (input chamber\/ transit chamber\/ treatment tank (&#8216;aeration\/ &#8216;clarifier&#8217;\/ &#8216;load chamber&#8217;)\/ &#8216;pump sump&#8217;\/ &#8216;Filter Dryer Bed&#8217; is done by a panel contractor appointed by the 集美麻豆 Tender Committee.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-53-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16729\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-53-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-53-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-53-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-53.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Overview of the sewage treatment process at 集美麻豆. 集美麻豆 implements the tertiary treatment which the final output is used for irrigation purposes at 集美麻豆.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The SWTP station of the Oxidation Catchment Pool system, Extended Aeration, Hi Kleen Tank and Imhoff Tank Pump at 集美麻豆 will produce effluent (treated wastewater produced through the treatment process) at the end of the treatment process at the station.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The quality of effluent discharged from this SWTP must be properly regulated to ensure that the river\u2019s ecosystem and surrounding biodiversity are not affected. This is because the river serves as the main source of clean water for domestic use in several nearby districts. The river water undergoes various treatment processes at the Water Treatment Plant (LRA), which is fully managed by Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor (SYABAS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The frequency of testing the level of compliance and safety of the influent release is done periodically, which is once every 6 months. This effluent sample will be taken from each LRK station involved and then taken directly to a laboratory recognized by the Malaysian Standards Department through the Malaysian Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (SAMM). The purpose of this effluent sample being brought to the laboratory is to carry out a data reading analysis test to assess whether the quality of the effluent produced passes by reaching Standard A or Standard B.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The following data range of 11 parameters that represent the mandatory conditions to be complied with by each effluent sample to determine whether this effluent passes by achieving the quality of Standard A or Standard B because of laboratory analysis tests as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"492\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-54.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16730\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-54.png 940w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-54-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-54-768x402.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Effluent standard that need to follow to discharge to water bodies<br>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/environment.com.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sewage.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.environment.com.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sewage.pdf<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The effluent will be released into the nearest waters through drains or streams. It can only be released into the nearest waters after it is found that it meets the requirements based on the guidelines set by the Local Authorities (PBT) such as the PBT of the Department of Environment (JAS) and the National Water Services Commission (SPAN).<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_5d7f3e-5b\">2. Effluence Water Quality Sampling<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">集美麻豆 will undergo water quality or&nbsp; sewerage water sampling to ensure and&nbsp; monitor wastewater quality and ensure compliance with environmental regulations before entering water bodies. The figure below shows the results of&nbsp; water quality&nbsp; on wastewater treatment in 集美麻豆 Bangi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"568\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-55.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16731\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-55.png 568w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-55-281x300.png 281w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Example of results of&nbsp; water quality&nbsp; on wastewater treatment in 集美麻豆 Bangi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">Based on the Water Quality Analysis Report in Figure 3.12.15, the effluent sample from the Faculty of Engineering 集美麻豆 effluent meets all Department of Environment, Malaysia (DOE)&nbsp; Standard B requirements. pH (5.8) falls within the permissible range (5.5\u20139.0), while COD, BOD, suspended solids, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate, and oil &amp; grease are significantly lower than the regulatory limits. This indicates that the effluent is safe for discharge into the environment and does not pose any immediate risk of pollution. 集美麻豆 aims continuous monitoring to maintain compliance and to ensure long-term environmental safety.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e\"]{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_234ba8-3e\"><strong>Table: Summary of the test results that effluent is considered safe for discharge into the environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Parameter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Result<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>DOE Standard B Limit*<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Remarks<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>pH<\/strong><\/td><td>5.8 @ 31.6\u00b0C<\/td><td>5.5 \u2013 9.0<\/td><td>Within limit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)<\/strong><\/td><td>7.0 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 100 mg\/L<\/td><td>Safe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD\u2085 @ 20\u00b0C)<\/strong><\/td><td>2.2 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 50 mg\/L<\/td><td>Safe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Suspended Solids (SS)<\/strong><\/td><td>ND &lt; 1.0 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 100 mg\/L<\/td><td>Very safe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N)<\/strong><\/td><td>2.94 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 5 mg\/L<\/td><td>Safe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Nitrate (as N)<\/strong><\/td><td>0.23 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 10 mg\/L (drinking water reference)<\/td><td>Very safe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oil &amp; Grease<\/strong><\/td><td>ND &lt; 0.2 mg\/L<\/td><td>\u2264 10 mg\/L<\/td><td>Very safe<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">*Reference: Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009, <strong>Standard B<\/strong> (Malaysia DOE).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_2272c1-89\">3. The Sewerage Treatment Plant: Extended Aeration Class License<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The SWTP Extended Aeration Class License below serves as an official authorization for the operation of sewage treatment plants (STPs) that use the extended aeration system. <strong>This license is issued by the National Water Services Commission (SPAN) which is the national regulatory body for the water supply and sewerage industry in Malaysia.<\/strong> This ensures that wastewater is properly treated before being released into the environment, thereby maintaining compliance with regulatory standards on effluent quality. Its function is crucial in safeguarding rivers, ecosystems, and biodiversity from pollution while promoting sustainable wastewater management. By enforcing proper maintenance and monitoring of the sewage treatment system, the license helps protect public health and ensures a clean and safe water supply for surrounding communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"755\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-56.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16735\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-56.png 538w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-56-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Copy of SWTP Extended Aeration Class License (20 July 2023 ~ 19 July 2026): Kolej Keris Mas (KKM)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"843\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-57.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16736\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-57.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-57-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Copy of SWTP Extended Aeration Class License (15 September 2023 ~ 14 September 2026): Kolej Pendeta Za\u2019ba (KPZ)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_26b122-0b\">4. Detail On The Treatment Process Of The Sewerage Treatment Plant:&nbsp; Extended Aeration (EA) System at 集美麻豆<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The SWTP \u2018Extended Aeration (EA)\u2019 system is a sewage treatment station designed to treat wastewater generated inside 集美麻豆. This system uses biological treatment to break down and eliminate organic sewage waste, producing odorless and colorless effluent through aerobic bacteria present in the treatment tanks\/pools (Clarifier Tank\/Pool and Aeration Tank\/Pool). The Extended Aeration (EA) system includes additional oxygen piping to support these bacteria via the operation of aerator\/air blower pumps connected from the diffuser aerator piping to the aeration tank. This oxygen supply helps the bacteria survive and multiply, ensuring the continuity of the biological treatment process within the SWPT treatment tanks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The flow chart below is the summary of the sewage treatment plant station at 集美麻豆.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"622\" height=\"748\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-60.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16740\" style=\"width:900px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-60.png 622w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-60-249x300.png 249w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 622px) 100vw, 622px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"655\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-61.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16741\" style=\"width:900px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-61.png 583w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-61-267x300.png 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"948\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-62.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16742\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-62.png 948w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-62-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-62-768x436.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 948px) 100vw, 948px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">SWTP EA Station, Kolej Keris Mas, 集美麻豆<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"651\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-64.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16744\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-64.png 651w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-64-300x281.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Pump Sump\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"994\" height=\"758\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-66.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16746\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-66.png 994w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-66-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-66-768x586.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 994px) 100vw, 994px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Grit &amp; Grease Chamber\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-68-768x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16748\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2\/3;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-68-768x1024.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-68-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-68.png 780w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Clarifier Pool\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"346\" height=\"322\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16750\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image.jpeg 346w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-300x279.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Filter Dryer Bed\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"926\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-63.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16743\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-63.png 743w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-63-241x300.png 241w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Inlet Primary Screen Chamber\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-65-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16745\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-65-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-65-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-65-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-65.png 1040w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Inlet Secondary Screen Chamber\/ Pool\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"461\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-67.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16747\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-67.png 461w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-67-262x300.png 262w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Aeration Tank\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-69-768x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16749\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2\/3;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-69-768x1024.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-69-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-69.png 780w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Effluent Discharge Channel\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"316\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16751\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-1.jpeg 316w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-1-300x247.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u2018Effluent Discharge Channel\u2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_77c65e-c0\">Figure 3.7.8 : Example of the Sewage Treatment that uses at 集美麻豆<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_76de11-da\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_76de11-da\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_76de11-da\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_76de11-da wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_76de11-da\">5. 集美麻豆 Integrated Water Control Management &amp; Monitoring System (PUMA-UKM)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">This system was developed by the <strong>Infrastructure Development Department (JPP), 集美麻豆<\/strong> to monitor the operation of sewage pumps, water pumps, and water levels in 集美麻豆\u2019s main water tanks. It utilizes a robotic communication device \u2013 the <strong>Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)<\/strong> \u2013 developed by JPP 集美麻豆 as an enhancement to the previous manual monitoring operations conducted by JPP and the appointed contractor. The monitoring system is also known as the <strong>Pump Station Monitoring Application (PuMA)<\/strong>. Data generated by the RTU can be monitored online via <strong>Telegram<\/strong> and the website<a href=\"https:\/\/ukmpumphouse.caiser.my\"> https:\/\/ukmpumphouse.caiser.my<\/a>. The system is maintained regularly by the appointed contractor, with maintenance rounds carried out <strong>once a month<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"587\" height=\"656\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-70.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-70.png 587w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-70-268x300.png 268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 587px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.7.9: The diagram above shows the topology of the PuMa-UKM application<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The input panels located at the pump sites are connected to the input and output nodes of the CA-RTU data logger via relays, where the CA-RTU functions as the control unit to transmit data to the server database. The data is transmitted to the CA-RTM (Run Time Module) processor and CA-Cloud via GSM\/GPRS communication channels. This data is automatically stored in the server database. Subsequently, alert notifications are sent to the technical team for further action via the Telegram messaging application. The technical team can also monitor real-time readings and historical data through the PuMa-UKM web portal.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_40eaa1-21\">6. Pump Station Monitoring Application (PUMA-UKM) Dashboard<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The Pump Station Monitoring Application (PUMA-UKM) Dashboard is a smart digital platform developed to monitor, manage, and analyze pump station operations in real time. Designed to enhance efficiency and reliability, this dashboard provides comprehensive data visualization on water flow, pump performance, energy consumption, and system status across the 集美麻豆 campus. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and automated reporting features, PUMA-UKM enables proactive maintenance, rapid fault detection, and data-driven decision-making. This initiative reflects 集美麻豆\u2019s commitment to sustainability, operational excellence, and innovative technology in campus infrastructure management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"634\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71-1024x634.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16755\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71-1024x634.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71-768x475.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71-1536x950.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-71.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.10 : IoT System Dashboard: Monitoring of Sewage Pump Operation, Sewage Water Volume, and Effluent Water Volume<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"498\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-72-1024x498.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16756\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-72-1024x498.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-72-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-72-768x374.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-72.png 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.11: Interface for operational real time<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75-1024x496.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16759\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75-1024x496.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75-768x372.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75-1536x744.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-75.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.12: Reporting &amp; Station Map View<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"493\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76-1024x493.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16760\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76-1024x493.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76-768x370.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76-1536x740.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-76.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.13: Real Time data interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78-1024x525.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78-1024x525.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78-1536x788.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-78.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.14: History data interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"404\" height=\"345\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-79.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16763\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-79.png 404w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-79-300x256.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.15: Reporting &amp; Monitoring By Telegram App<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-80-1024x715.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16764\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-80-1024x715.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-80-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-80-768x536.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-80.png 1302w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.16: RTU Runtime Data Log<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"495\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81-1024x495.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16765\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81-1024x495.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81-768x371.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81-1536x742.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-81.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.17: Previous &amp; Real time reading\/ data<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"662\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-82-1024x662.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16766\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-82-1024x662.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-82-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-82-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-82.png 1283w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.18: Data Influent (Inlet) &amp; Effluent (Outlet)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_022b7c-6d\">7. Maintenance Program For Sewage Treatment Plant at 集美麻豆<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">There are two types of maintenance programs (non-comprehensive) and improvements at both SWTP stations which are monitored by the <strong>Infrastructure Development Department (JPP), 集美麻豆<\/strong>. The primary maintenance involves the operation and upkeep of the SWTP System, while the secondary maintenance covers the operation of the <strong>Internet of Things (IoT) System<\/strong>. All maintenance activities are carried out periodically as <strong>Preventive Maintenance<\/strong>, with a monthly frequency, by two appointed contractor companies selected by 集美麻豆.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has--font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The following is a summary of the scope of LRK System maintenance conducted at both stations:<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_edd617-73\"]{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_edd617-73\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_edd617-73\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_edd617-73 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_edd617-73\"><strong>I. Sewage Treatment Plant Maintenance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cleaning and washing (\u201chousekeeping\u201d) of the entire SWTP Station area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and testing of control panels and electrical wiring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and testing of the pump system operation, including accessories (submersible pumps, aerators, air blowers, scum skimmers).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and cleaning of filters (strainers\/bar filters).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Comprehensive inspection of all piping systems within the SWTP station.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection and cleaning of chambers, basins, tanks, or reservoirs, including <strong>Inlet Primary\/Secondary Screen Chamber<\/strong>, <strong>aeration<\/strong>, <strong>clarifier<\/strong>, <strong>pump sump<\/strong>, <strong>grit &amp; grease<\/strong>, <strong>effluent discharge channel<\/strong>, and <strong>Filter Dryer Bed<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desludging of approximately 50 kg of sludge from the SWTP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preparation of detailed maintenance reports (periodic, breakdowns, and repairs) including dated, color photographs documenting conditions before, during, and after maintenance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Effluent Analysis<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corrective Maintenance<\/strong> \u2013 Preparation of quotation documents for repair or replacement works, complete with color photographs and reports on damaged components, equipment, or monitoring systems.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3\"]{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15885_ddcb63-a3\"><strong><strong>II.\u00a0 IoT System Maintenance<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Conduct daily monitoring of IoT operations via the website<a href=\"https:\/\/ukmpumphouse.caiser.my\"> https:\/\/ukmpumphouse.caiser.my<\/a> and Telegram (company staff are required to download the Telegram app to receive notifications related to the monitoring system).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perform periodic inspections, equipment testing, and calibration between the IoT system and all devices sending notifications to the website and Telegram.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prepare detailed maintenance reports (periodic, breakdowns, and repairs) including dated, color photographs documenting conditions before, during, and after maintenance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provide <strong>housekeeping services<\/strong> (cleaning and washing) for IoT devices and equipment such as enclosure boxes, RTUs, sensors, and related hardware and software components essential for IoT operation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corrective Maintenance<\/strong> \u2013 Prepare quotation documents for repair or replacement works, complete with color photographs and reports on damaged components, equipment, or the monitoring system.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify wp-block-paragraph\">The sewage treatment maintenance activities highlight the scheduled inspections, servicing, and corrective measures undertaken to ensure the sewage treatment system operates efficiently, complies with environmental standards, and supports the university\u2019s sustainability goals. The report also outlines challenges encountered and recommendations for improving future maintenance practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"451\" height=\"703\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-83.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16767\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-83.png 451w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-83-192x300.png 192w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.19:\u00a0 Example report on sewage treatment\u00a0 maintenance in April 2025. More information can be excess with the link <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/11dRUUR4J-OIENfj6I_nh9XroEFzy2bIr\/view?ts=68de1e0f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/11dRUUR4J-OIENfj6I_nh9XroEFzy2bIr\/view?ts=68de1e0f<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"481\" height=\"753\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-84.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-84.png 481w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-84-192x300.png 192w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3.17.20:\u00a0 Example report on sewage treatment\u00a0 maintenance in July 2025. More information can be excess with the link <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/u\/0\/folders\/13_USOtasv0vQ-veHcKI10KiJIXdInoku\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/u\/0\/folders\/13_USOtasv0vQ-veHcKI10KiJIXdInoku<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The flow chart below is the summary of the maintenance sewage treatment plant station at 集美麻豆.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"881\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16771\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-86.png 684w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-3-1\/image-86-233x300.png 233w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>6.3 &#8211; Water usage and care 6.3.1 &#8211; Wastewater Treatment A Process in Place to Treat Wastewate 集美麻豆 adopts a comprehensive tertiary sewage treatment system across 27 Sewage Treatment Plants (SWTP), employing extended aeration and oxidation reservoir methods that integrate physical, biological and chemical processes. This ensures that all effluent complies with&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":15559,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_mi_skip_tracking":true,"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15885","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"kelestarian","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/author\/kelestarian\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15885"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16773,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15885\/revisions\/16773"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}