集美麻豆

Sains Malaysiana 49(11)(2020): 2801-2809

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4911-19

Photophysical Properties and Energy Transfer Mechanism in PFO/TiO₂/MEH-PPV Nanocomposite Thin Films

(Sifat Fotofizikal dan Mekanisma Pemindahan Tenaga dalam Filem Nipis Nano Komposit PFO/TiO2/MEH-PPV)

SAMEER ALBATI¹, MOHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN HJ. JUMALI¹*, BANDAR ALI AL ASBAHI^2,3, SAIF M.H. QAID² & CHI CHIN YAP¹

¹School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 集美麻豆 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Yemen

Diserahkan: 16 December 2019/Accepted: 22 May 2020

ABSTRACT

Improvement in photophysical properties of poly-9,9-dioctylfluorene (PFO)/10 wt. % TiO₂ nanoparticle thin film as a result of systematic additions of poly(2-methoxy-5(2-ethylhexyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene (MEH-PPV) were investigated. The nanocomposite blends were prepared with additions of MEH-PPV up to 3.0 wt. % of the total weight. All blends were prepared using the solution blending method and subsequently spin-coated onto glass substrates. The UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence characterizations showed the intensification of the primary-color emissions of the thin films with the Förster resonance as the primary energy transfer mechanism from PFO to MEH-PPV. Important photophysical parameters, such as the Förster radius  excited state lifetime ( ), fluorescence quantum yield of the donor (φ), quenching constant ( ), quenching rate constant ( ), distance between the donor and acceptor ( ), energy transfer lifetime ( , and energy transfer rate (  display better values with increasing the contents of MEH-PPV by 2.5 wt. %, suggesting an ordered improvement on the photophysical properties of the thin film. Finally, a possible underlying mechanism describing the enhancement of the photophysical properties was proposed.

Keywords: Donor/acceptor; energy transfer properties; Förster resonance energy transfer; optical properties

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan sifat fotofizikal filem nipis adunan poli-9, 9-dioktilflorin (PFO)/10 bt % nanozarah TiO₂ dengan penambahan secara sistematik poli(2-metoksi-5(2-etilheksil)-1, 4-fenileenevinilene (MEH-PPV) adalah dibuktikan. Adunan nanokomposit ini disediakan dengan menambah MEH-PPV sehingga 3.0 bt % daripada berat keseluruhan. Kesemua adunan disediakan menggunakan teknik adunan larutan dan kemudiannya dimendapkan ke atas substrat kaca menggunakan teknik salutan berputar. Pencirian penyerapan UV-Vis dan fotoluminesens menunjukkan peningkatan keamatan pancaran filem nipis dengan pemindahan tenaga resonans Förster sebagai mekanisma pemindahan tenaga primer daripada PFO kepada MEH-PPV. Semua parameter fotofizikal yang penting seperti jejari Förster , jangka hayat keadaan teruja( ), hasilan kuantum pendarfluor oleh penderma (φ), pemalar pelindapkejutan ( ), pemalar kadar pelindapkejutan ( ), jarak antara penderma dan penerima (), jangka hayat pemindahan tenaga (  dan kadar pemindahan tenaga (  menunjukkan nilai yang lebih baik dengan penambahan MEH-PPV sekaligus membuktikan penambahbaikan yang teratur terhadap sifat fotofizikal filem nipis. Dengan kehadiran nanozarah, keamatan sinaran warna prmier telah meningkat dengan pancaran yang seimbang antara PFO dan MEH_PPV Berjaya dicapai pada kandungan MEH-PPV sebanyak 2.5 bt % mencadangkan peningkatan yang teratur pada sifat fotozikal filem nipis. Kesimpulannya, mekasnima yang sesuai untuk menerangkan peningkatan sifat fotofizikal turut dicadangkan.

Kata kunci: Pemindahan tenaga resonan Förster; penderma/penerima; sifat optik; sifat pemindahan tenaga

RUJUKAN

Al-Asbahi, B.A. 2018. Influence of SiO₂/TiO₂ nanocomposite on the optoelectronic properties of PFO/MEH-PPV-based OLED devices. Polymers 10(7): 800-806.

Al-Asbahi, B.A. 2017. Energy transfer mechanism and optoelectronic properties of (PFO/ TiO₂)/Fluorol 7GA nanocomposite thin films. Optical Materials 72: 644-649.

Al-Asbahi, B.A., Haji Jumali, M.H. & AlSalhi, M.S. 2016. Enhanced optoelectronic properties of PFO/Fluorol 7GA hybrid light emitting diodes via additions of TiO₂ nanoparticles. Polymers 8(9): 334-342.

Al-Asbahi, B.A., Jumali, M.H.H., Yap, C.C., Flaifel, M.H. & Salleh, M.M. 2013a. Photophysical properties and energy transfer mechanism of PFO/Fluorol 7GA hybrid thin films. Journal of Luminescence 142: 57-65.

Al-Asbahi, B.A., Jumali, M.H.H., Yap, C.C., Salleh, M.M. & Alsalhi, M.S. 2013b. Inhibition of dark quenching by TiO₂ nanoparticles content in novel PFO/Fluorol 7GA hybrid: A new role to improve OLED performance. Chemical Physics Letters 570: 109-112.

Albrecht, C. 2008. Joseph R. Lakowicz: Principles of fluorescence spectroscopy. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 390(5): 1223-1224.

Ciotta, E., Prosposito, P. & Pizzoferrato, R. 2019. Positive curvature in Stern-Volmer plot described by a generalized model for static quenching. Journal of Luminescence 206: 518-522.

Cossiello, R.F., Susman, M.D., Aramendía, P.F. & Atvars, T.D.Z. 2010. Study of solvent-conjugated polymer interactions by polarized spectroscopy: MEH–PPV and Poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl). Journal of Luminescence 130(3): 415-423.

Hegde, V., Chauhan, N., Kumar, V., Viswanath, C.S.D., Mahato, K.K. & Kamath, S.D. 2019. Effects of high dose gamma irradiation on the optical properties of Eu3⁺ doped zinc sodium bismuth borate glasses for red LEDs. Journal of Luminescence 207: 288-300.

Huang, T.H., Chi, X.C., Xu, T.N., Zhang, J.R., Xu, H.Y., Zhu, Z.Y., Yu, R.B., Wang, Y.H. & Zhang, H.Z. 2018. Effect of Ag nanoparticles on the photoluminescence of poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene]. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 356(2018): 334-339.

Huang, J., Li, G., Wu, E., Xu, Q. & Yang, Y. 2006. Achieving high‐efficiency polymer white‐light‐emitting devices. Advanced Materials 18(1): 114-117.

Jumali, M.H.H., Al-Asbahi, B.A., Yap, C.C., Salleh, M.M. & Alsalhi, M.S. 2012. Optoelectronic property enhancement of conjugated polymer in poly (9,9′-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2.7-diyl)/titania nanocomposites. Thin Solid Films 524: 257-262.

Karthikeyan, B. 2017. Förster resonance energy transfer and excited state life time reduction of rhodamine 6G with NiO nanorods in PVP films. Spectrochimica Acta-Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 173: 301-306.

Kasparek, C. & Blom, P.W.M. 2017. Solution-processed multilayer polymer light-emitting diode without intermixing. Applied Physics Letters 110(2): 023302.

Lee, S.E., Oh, J.H., Baek, H.J., Kim, S., Do, Y.R. & Kim, Y.K. 2019. Realization of high-color-quality white-by-blue organic light-emitting diodes with yellow and red phosphor films. Journal of Luminescence 207: 195-200.

Li, X., Bai, Z., Liu, B., Li, T. & Lu, D. 2017. From starting formation to the saturation content of the β-phase in poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) toluene solutions. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 121(27): 14443-14450.

Liu, J., Shi, Y. & Yang, Y. 2001. Improving the performance of polymer light-emitting diodes using polymer solid solutions. Applied Physics Letters 79(5): 578-580.

Madhwal, D., Rait, S.S., Verma, A., Kumar, A., Bhatnagar, P.K., Mathur, P.C. & Onoda, M. 2010. Increased luminance of MEH–PPV and PFO based PLEDs by using salmon DNA as an electron blocking layer. Journal of Luminescence 130(2): 331-333.

Nedumpara, R.J., Manu, P.J., Vallabhan, C.P.G., Nampoori, V.P.N. & Radhakrishnan, P. 2008. Energy transfer studies in dye mixtures in different solvent environments. Optics & Laser Technology 40(7): 953-957.

Pandey, K.K., Joshi, H.C. & Pant, T.C. 1988. Excitation energy migration and transfer in a dye pair in PMMA. Journal of Luminescence 42(4): 197-203.

Perevedentsev, A., Chander, N., Kim, J.S. & Bradley, D.D.C. 2016. Spectroscopic properties of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) thin films possessing varied fractions of β-phase chain segments: Enhanced photoluminescence efficiency via conformation structuring. Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics 54(19): 1995-2006.

Prakash, A. & Katiyar, M. 2016. Effect of guest concentration on carrier transportation in blends of conjugated polymers. Organic Electronics 39: 50-58.

Schweitzer, C. & Schmidt, R. 2003. Physical mechanisms of generation and deactivation of singlet oxygen. Chemical Reviews 103(5): 1685-1758.

Shen, F., He, F., Lu, D., Xie, Z., Xie, W., Ma, Y. & Hu, B. 2006. Bright and colour stable white polymer light-emitting diodes. Semiconductor Science and Technology 21(2): L16-L19.

Shin, S.B., Gong, S.C., Lee, H.M., Jang, J.G., Gong, M.S., Ryu, S.O., Lee, J.Y., Chang, Y.C. & Chang, H.J. 2009. Improving light efficiency of white polymer light emitting diodes by introducing the TPBi exciton protection layer. Thin Solid Films 517(14): 4143-4146.

Su, H., Wu, F., Shu, C., Tung, Y., Chi, Y. & Lee, G. 2005. Polyfluorene containing diphenylquinoline pendants and their applications in organic light emitting diodes. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 43(4): 859-869.

Thomas, S., Grohens, Y. & Jyotishkumar, P. 2014. Characterization of Polymer Blends: Miscibility, Morphology and Interfaces. New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1-901.

Winokur, M.J., Slinker, J. & Huber, D.L. 2003. Structure, photophysics, and the order-disorder transition to the β-phase in poly (9, 9-(di-n, n-octyl) fluorene). Physical Review B 67(18): 184106.

Yan, F., Xing, G., Chen, R., Demir, H.V., Sun, H., Sum, T.C. & Sun, X.W. 2015. Efficient three-color white organic light-emitting diodes with a spaced multilayer emitting structure. Applied Physics Letters 106(2): 023302.

Yang, S.H. & Zhuang, D.W. 2011. Enhancement of efficiency of multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes by inserting blocking layers. Journal of Luminescence 131(4): 801-807.

Zhang, L., Li, X.L., Luo, D., Xiao, P., Xiao, W., Song, Y., Ang, Q. & Liu, B. 2017. Strategies to achieve high-performance white organic light-emitting diodes. Materials 10(12): 1378-1434.

Zhou, J., Zou, J., Dai, C., Zhang, Y., Luo, X. & Liu, B. 2018. High-efficiency and high-luminance three-color white organic light-emitting diodes with low efficiency roll-off. ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 7(6): R99-R103.

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: hafizhj@ukm.edu.my